Preserving the Sanctity of Marriage

Preserving the Sanctity of Marriage â€Å"They are preserving the sanctity of marriage, so that two gay men who've been together for twenty-five years can't get married, but a guy can still get drunk in Vegas and marry a hooker at the Elvis chapel! The sanctity of marriage is saved! † Lea DeLaria states her views on gay marriage. Some although, view this topic very differently, it is seen as a dirty abomination to many that heterosexual marriage is being corrupted by the possibility of homosexual marriage.The year is 2010, yet America has seemed to take a step back in giving everyone and anyone equal rights in today’s society, leading back when America thought it was not a good idea to give African Americans their rights. Is that situation so different from today’s argument of giving homosexuals their rights? Although heterosexual marriages are more acceptable in America today, homosexual relationships as well as marriages need to be respected, not restrained so homosexuals can live freely as they please. People who are against gay marriage often are very religious in the Christian sense.They can relate gay marriage back to the bible with quotes like â€Å"Marriage shall consist of a union between one man and one or more women† (Genesis 29:17-28; II Samuel 3:2-5). These kinds of people are the ones who stay in tradition; the union between a man and women has been the only way of a legal connection in a society of any kind. This tradition proves to be strong; in June of 1986 the U. S Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that adult gay members practicing a gay lifestyle were not protected by the constitution. This was the first ruling in the U.S that outright said that gay marriage would not be tolerated. Since 1986 not much has changed, a gay lifestyle is not widely accepted, as well as marriages between them. Being part of the gay community is not an easy task, especially when marriage is involved. Just because someone is gay does not mean that t his person should have different rights than a straight person. Both are human beings, both deserve the same rights. One does not choose to be a homosexual or heterosexual, it is how one is wired as one grows up, neither is wrong and therefore, why does one get to marry and not the other?This is a question still being answered today where through the ages homosexuality was considered a disease up until 1973, where it was finally taken off the DSM-II (official list of psychiatric disorders). Gays were also blamed for AIDS, the disease being called the â€Å"gay plague. † These things are absolutely horrendous; as this shows, some people are extremely ignorant about the gay culture. When people do not know what these people are like, they make assumptions and stereotypes that lead to the culture to not have the same rights as others because of the nasty things that are spread like wildfire throughout the world.In Africa, gays can legally be killed for just being themselves. It is exactly like the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. People accuse others in Africa of being gay and they can be imprisoned for life or killed simply for being accused. This is not what should be going on in a 21st century world. The same thing goes for being gay and trying to get married, they are denied time after time in the U. S. America is known for its free land and democratic values, yet America cannot handle the simple task of giving one group the full rights that everyone else has.I strongly believe that denying one’s rights because of their sexual orientation is beyond wrong, it is an abomination to what America stands for. It makes me angry to think that someone who loves another that just happens to be the same gender as they cannot legally marry. They deserve to be happy just like anyone else. Why would someone deny happiness to someone because they love the same gender as they? Is life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness not part of America’s Declaration of Independence?I believe the U. S has lost sight of this in today’s religiously ridden society. The separation of church and state has been lost and blended together, creating a storm of hatred and racism toward the gay community. These people are some of the kindest I have ever met, and yet they get some of the cruelest comments I have ever witnessed in my life. These people deserve more, including an equal right in everything, especially marriage. It is time for America to move forward for the goal of equal gay rights.These people have seen enough turmoil throughout time, longer than any community to date. It is time for acceptance, love, and peace toward the gay community. I have too many friends who have so much love for everyone else and they are turned away by society, dumped in an area called disgusting, repulsive, and unacceptable. Even though in America homosexual marriages are beginning to be accepted, their relationships as well as marriages should be given the same right as everyone else anywhere in the world, to truly save the sanctity of marriage.

Casablanca †Hollywood Essay

It is certainly undeniable that â€Å"Casablanca† is one of the best known Hollywood classics of all time. But its illustrious reputation does not make it one of the best Hollywood classics in history. There are mainly two points to that claim, one is that Casablanca did not land a tasteful ending, and second is that the protagonist of the Richard â€Å"Rick† Blaine, considered as one of the greatest lovers in history, did not actually love Ilsa. The ending of Casablanca is obviously far from classic Hollywood endings, in which all the major conflicts are resolved. It is not that the ending was poorly written, as stated earlier, it is just lacking some elements of classic Hollywood endings. In the concluding part of the film, Rick and Ilsa had to part ways for second and final time. They had split up without the knowledge of what the other person truly feels. This particular aspect of the ending somehow creates a static noise in the readers because things remain unresolved, not to mention heart-wrenchingly tragic. Moreover, it is just ironic that event though Casablanca is one of the most loved love stories in film history, the protagonist of the story Richard â€Å"Rick† Blaine seems to be incapable of genuine love. There are several possible reasons why he had left Ilsa in the ending. One of which is that he had an insecurity that he cannot compete against someone like Laszlo for the affection of Ilsa. The second possible reason is much worse, he could have left Ilsa because he wanted to get back at her for leaving him in their first split up. Again, this paper does not state that Casablanca is bad film. It just does not fit the stereotypes of classic Hollywood films and love stories. Perhaps its unconventionality had made it one of the most popular films to be ever shown in the big screen. Moreover, the ending of the film and Rick’s inability to genuinely love makes the film realistic, thus less fictional.

Budget Plan Essay

When managing a project, there are several factors that project managers must consider that will ensure a successful project. The steps will help assemble, develop and manage a project team. In addition, planning allows for smother execution and addresses how managers can evaluate the progress and performance during the project. American Bank of Indiana (ABI) has recently acquired First America Financial Service Group (FAFS), this acquisition will require the project manager to structure a project that will widen the bank’s portfolio as well as implement the latest technologies. Assembling a project teams takes thought and consideration. Since the success of the project depends on the engagement of the members of the team, the assembly is a vital part of project management. Putting together a good project team is no easy task. The goal is to make sure, from beginning to end, that the project runs as smooth as possible. Getting the assembly wrong could cost time, money and result in a failed project. Due to the uniqueness of the acquisition between establishing a core team to complete the project would ensure speed. Core project team members are experienced professionals, which means team members would devote their time and undivided attention to the project (Gray & Larson). Assembling a team with core member can also decrease risk and ensure that projects are completed on time. Another thing to consider is the latest technologies that have been adopted by ABI. It’s vital that this investment remains intact throughout the acquisitions. The core team, based on professional experience, can develop a project that will utilize this technology and maintain ABI’s position as a leading player among regional bank. Once core team leaders are selected they will be given the opportunity to select individuals to help complete the makeup of their teams. Core member will be responsible for the development of their team based on the need of their specific portion of the project. Before the project begins, leaders will be responsible for identifying each team member’s professional goals and what ways they can be motivated to enhance performance. Once motivational tools have been identified, project manager will roll out the project with a kick off that will get the team excited about the beginning phase of the project. In addition, project leader will have weekly meeting with team member to maintain an open flow of communication throughout each phase of the project. This communication will ensure that team members are updated on any changes and will also allow them to interact with other team members. Another factor that will contribute to the development of the team is clear goals accompanied with a completion time line. Once the team has moved from getting to know each other their focus will begin to move towards getting the goal accomplished (Gray & Larson, 2008). This focus will create a higher-level of performance amongst team members especially when rewards and incentives have been implemented. In addition to rewards, team managers will make sure that each team member is adequately train to perform their job function. Job training gives the team members the confidence and skills needed required to perform their perspective duties. After the teams have been assembled and developed, managing the project now because the focus. In order to ensure the highest performance from project managers must maintain their involvement in the projects from beginning to end. Project managers play a key role in developing a high-performance team. They recruit members, conduct meetings, establish indemnity, create a common sense of purpose or a shared vision, manage reward systems that encourage team work, orchestrate decision making, resolve conflict that emerge within the team, and rejuvenate the team when energy wanes (Gray & Larson, 2008). Managing this process also gives the better knowledge of the challenges as well as the successes of the project. Project managers will also conduct plan meetings for the team. These meetings will establish rules and update on the progress during each phase of the project. Another important factor in the project management process is the execustion phase. Project execution phase refers managing the individual work components that is required to advance the process of the project development. The goal of managing a projects execution is to guide the project to the ultimate goal (www. project-management-knowledge. com). Since the execution phase is directly related to the success of the project, developing a contingency plan can prepare the project for any unforeseeable obstacles. According to Lewwongcharoen and Milosevic, a contingency plan has a positive impact on the outcome of a project. When a contingency plan is prepared, project managers can handle the anticipated changes that occur in the later stages of the project life cycle (Lewwongcharoen & Milosevic, 2010). The banking industry is predictably unpredictable, project managers must be able to adapt to any changes that many occur throughout the course of the project. Tracking the progress and performance evaluation is another important measure of project management. One of the major goals of progress reporting is to catch any negative variances from plan as early as possible to determine if corrective action is necessary (Gray & Larson, 2008). Control chart is a method frequently used to monitor a projects progress. When progress charts are used, managers are able to mark milestones. Mangers can also identify key points within a project and use these points to support an action to keep the project on the right path. Once manages has stabled how the progress of the project will be evaluated, they can then determine performance evaluation. Before performance can be evaluated, managers must have communicated performance standards. The best way to measure the performance of a project is to do so against the plan of the organization. One method that can be used is a work breakdown structure (WBS). A work breakdown structure is the cornerstone of every program because it defines in detail the work necessary to accomplish a project objective (GAO Reports, 2009). Not only will a WBS clearly define the goals of the project but it also is a great tool for measuring performance. Each phase of the project is as equally as important as the next. Another vital factor to consider is the project leadership and the importance of having a sponsor. Project leadership is important because it involves recognizing and articulating the need to significantly alter the direction and operation of the project, aligning people to the new direction, and motivating them to work together to overcome hurdles produced by the change and to realize new objectives (Gray & Larson, 2008). There are consistent changes that arise when completing a project. What’s special about leadership is that when these changes occur, leaders are able to align the team in the new direction of the project. Without this alignment, a change in direction could cause the team to split into spate direction was well. Some people deal well with change, those individual show signs of strong leadership and would be an asset to the project goals. Project sponsor also contribute greatly to the success of the project. Project sponsors champion the project and use their influence to gain approval of the project (Gray & Larson, 2008). Like leaders, sponsors are able to rally individual behind the final goal of the project. Sponsors are simultaneously involved with juggling multiple needs of stakeholders and user groups, departmental procedures, and government edicts while continually dealing with a legacy of mistrust and adversarial contracts (Kloppenborg, Manolis & Tesch, 2009). Managing a project and its risk is a big deal. There are many factors that project managers must consider once the organization has decided to take on a new project. Teams must be assembled, goals must be determined and risk must be evaluated. When done correctly the end result is not only a successful project but also a motivated team. References www. project-management-knowledge. com/definitions

W7A Back-up and Recovery Plan in Data Warehousing Essay

W7A Back-up and Recovery Plan in Data Warehousing - Essay Example le backups; (5) â€Å"synchronization of the backups with the daily incremental loads; (and finally, (6) saving of the incremental load files to be included as part of recovery if applicable† (p. 507). For the recovery options, Ponniah (2010) provided suggestions that would assist data warehouse administrators in designing which options would cater to the organization’s requirements. One of the recovery options would be to use best practices through an examination of various disaster scenarios and how the organization managed to recover the information. The recovery procedure would thereby be adjusted according to the needs of the organization, as well as the time required to recover crucial data. From the strategies recommended for back-ups (separating schedules for static and active data, as well as differential and log file back-ups with daily incremental loads), the data warehouse administrator should be able to recover the needed information within clearly stipulated time frames. The scope of back-up functions actually depends on the volume and kind of data that requires backing-up. As noted, there are active and static data where the frequency of back-up schedules would differ (more frequent back-up schedules for active data in conjunction with less frequent back-up schedules for static data) (Ponniah, 2010). Likewise, depending on the incremental data that the organization puts in on a daily basis, the scope of the back-up function follows accordingly. To ensure readiness to recover from disasters, the back-up files must be stored in strategic areas that are safe and secure. Likewise, point persons who could be authorized and assigned to perform relevant functions pertinent to back-up and recovery should be aware of their respective roles and responsibilities in the process. As emphasized, the data warehouse administration should be prepared in addressing the following questions and concerns: (1) downtime that users could tolerate during the recovery

Make for me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Make for me - Essay Example In the poem â€Å"A Letter To Sir John A. Macdonald†, Dumont writes about the wrong things that politicians and businessmen did in the history of Canada. For me, the case is not only true for Sir John A. Macdonald, but also to countless other men who have done corruption and performed wrongdoings to the country. She begins the poem quite ironically, â€Å"Dear John: I’m still here and halfbreed,† the irony is because she is proud to say upfront that she is a halfbreed, while other people look down on such halfbreeds. She has also emphasized her being a halfbreed, or Metis blood meaning that she is a mix of Caucasian and American  Indian ancestry, in the ending where she says â€Å"we’re still here and calling ourselves halfbreed†. In order to properly appreciate this poem, one must have some knowledge of Canadian history, particularly on the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, as well as the Metis uprisings. The railway was shutdown and never used, and what Macdonald did left scars in the people. Dumont pointed this out in her lines â€Å"because you know as well as I that we were railroaded by some steel tracks that didn’t last and some settlers who wouldn’t settle and it’s funny we’re still here and calling ourselves halfbreed.† Their history was one of oppression by a more pure race who looked down because their blood was mixed with different races. As for R. Zamora Linmark’s poem, it was around 1998, after the filming of Brokedown Palace in Manila, Philippines, that Claire Danes, in an interview with Premiere Magazine, said that "The city just fucking smelled of cockroaches. Theres no sewage system in Manila, and people have nothing there. People with, like, no arms, no legs, no eyes, no teeth.? Rats were everywhere...a ghastly and weird city." This prompted R. Zamora Linmark to write the ironic poem â€Å"A Letter to Claire Danes from a Fan in

Discuss the relevance of actor network theory and systems thinking for Essay

Discuss the relevance of actor network theory and systems thinking for design and implementation of infrastructure systems - Essay Example Actor network theory outlines the underlying attributes of an information system that are sensitive. It offers a language to describe an information infrastructure. This language describes where, how and the extent to which technology influences the society and human behavior. The process is important during the identification of the technical components that are installed in the system’s modules. Actor network theory is a strategic approach to system thinking because it questions categories of an information system (Onsrud 2007 p. 17). This theory targets the performing order by establishing effects, facts, technological solutions and beliefs. The relationship between society and technology can be conceptualized in different ways. Information technology is a critical factor in the development of a society because it simultaneously enables the amplification of dominating trends that are important for the restructuring of societies. Information technology figures and constrains changes in a society. Members of a society develop the technologies that they want, and they use these technologies for the sustainability of the society (Calderà ³n & Servà ©n, 2004, p. 3). Information technology aids societies to promote the interests of different members, particularly in the control of labor. Information systems comprise large numbers of inter connections and modules. Actor network theory presents a framework that is relevant concerning the design and implementation of information infrastructures. Actor network theory is relevant in the design and implementation of an infrastructure system because it is grounded on simple observations. This theory is concerned with the ways in which design and implementation are done, rather than the ways in which these processes are normatively supposed to be approached. Actor network theory explains how technological artifacts are designed. In addition, the theory explains the processes that are performed during the design of a

Practical Synthesis of Useful Substances Using Organocatalysts Research Paper

Practical Synthesis of Useful Substances Using Organocatalysts - Research Paper Example This makes it a more efficient process, which uses fewer chemicals in the synthesis process, making it by a far greener and less toxic process. II. Background A. The concept of organocatalysis Acceleration of chemical processes through addition of substoichiometric quantity of organic compound refers to organocatalysis. In the last few years, interest in this field has increased because of selectivity and efficiency of many organocatalytic reactions, which have met standards of the required organic reactions. Observably, organocatalytic reactions are becoming popular in constructions of complex molecules. This recent development is because the process is less toxic compared to metallic catalysts. Predominant molecules used in the organocatalytic reaction are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorous (McMurry, 2009). Organocatalysts usually display secondary characteristics, which would lead to enamine catalysis or iminium catalysis. The mechanism involved is covalent organo catalysis. High catalysts loading apply in covalent binding of substrates while non-covalent bonding requires low substrate loading. Knoevenagel Condensation applies regular achiral organocatalysts, which uses nitrogen as its basis. The current focus of organocatalysis is asymmetric organocatalysis, which involves the use of chiral catalysts. Scientific reactions indicate asymmetric catalysis occurs when organocatalyst is chiral as observed in aldol reactions (McMurry, 2009). Organocatalysts have the following advantages they are less sensitive to moisture or oxygen, readily available, less toxic, and inexpensive (Berkessel, 2006). These advantages make organocatalysts preferable in pharmaceutical processes. During the chemical reactions toxin produced usually influence usage of certain chemical process. Notably, organocatalysis has less impact to the environment. The condition for the reaction is relatively mild thus making organocatalysts preferable over metal catalysts. The follo wing example illustrating Knoevenagel Condensation indicates that Piperdine forms iminium ion, which is reactive with carbonyl compound. Fig 1: Retrieved from http://www.organic-chemistry.org/topics/organocatalysis.shtm B. Definition of terms Catalyst is a chemical substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but does not change its chemical composition at the end of the chemical process. Organocatalyst are catalysts, which contain organic compounds. Enamine catalysts refers to a compound that forms when ketone or aldehyde react with secondary amine resulting into a loss of Water. Imine is a compound that contains carbon hydrogen double bond. Covalent bonding refers to a chemical bonding process where atoms share electrons. Covalent bonding occurs between non-metallic atoms. Chiral is a term used to describe a molecule that does not fit on its mirror image (Reetz & Joroch, 2008). Achiral refers to molecules that are identical or fit into their mirror image. Asymmetric or ganocatalysis refers to organic synthesis, which leads to introduction of desired element of chirality (Berkessel, 2006). This technology applies in pharmaceuticals since different enantiomers of molecule contain different biological components. Aldol reaction refers to a method that leads to formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Knoevenagel Condensation this refers to carbon acid compound condensation using aldehydes to produce unsaturated ? and ? compounds (Berkessel, 2006).

Buyer behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Buyer behaviour - Essay Example The brand was also listed as the #1 company in the world by Forbes.com in June 2012. The rankings were based upon aspects such as people’s willingness to buy, recommend, work for, and invest in a company which is 60% driven by the perceptions of the company and only 40% by the perceptions of their products. The Target Audience/Market Segment: The ad, in this context, is designed for the market segment of an elite upper class that touts trendy styles and exquisite tastes as the marks of their identity, as can be evidenced from the lady’s appearance and the driver’s initial introduction of her. The audience does not get to see her eyes, covered by dark sunglasses, but are told that the first thing one will notice about her is her â€Å"bright, blue eyes† which are usually covered up, but when one sees them â€Å"it’s worth it† (Most Expensive BMW Ad Ever-BMW, 2011). The ad subtly hints here that if the consumer notices the features of BMW, they will know the worth of it. The upper class consumer, who the ad targets, will definitely understand the cue. The target market segment is also likely to be educated, rich and willing to spend heavily on luxury items. Thus, the ad is appropriate in every context to the target consumer. Features and Benefits being Offered: BMW packs their engine with effective features and style according to customer segments. â€Å"The all new BMW 3 series sedan features the BMW Twin Power Turbo four-cylinder diesel engine of its predecessor, which has been honed for even greater fuel economy and lower emissions with no reduction in power output. The 2.0-litre four-cylinder engine is from the same family as the regular BMW 320d engine and shares the same all-aluminium crankcase, VNT turbocharger and latest-generation common rail direct injection† (BMW 3-Series (2012), 2005). Additional features like a slight reduction in maximum output rating, the rpm-reducing, friction-reduced powertrain des ign and an optimized aerodynamics package has helped BMW to bring down its CO2 emission to the lowest. It also comes with 5 rear view cameras to support complete driving safety. The safety measures provided include dual front airbags, side airbags and head protecting side curtains.The BMW 3-Series Sedan is also equipped with an Auto Start-Stop function, which analyses and automatically turns off the engine during short stops to save fuel. The BMW also features important safety measures such as antilock brakes (ABS), electronic stability control (ESC) and electronic brake force distribution (EBD). Intelligent seat belt reminders are also fitted to all seats as a measure of safety and comfort. In the context of this ad, the features of the product remains emphasized throughout, right from its beginning. The lady explicitly expresses that she is done with black, thus connoting to the appeal of the change to white. The car’s manoeuvrability becomes evident when it glides through the mob whereas the car that follows gets trapped. The lady scolds the driver for his lack of pace as she wants to lose her trailing bodyguards. He picks up speed, takes several abrupt twists, turn and swerves that throw the lady around to all nukes and corners of the car but she remains in good shape. Thus, the ad, through the action unfolding before the audience’s eyes, illustrates the features of the car in terms of visual appeal, speed, manoeuvrability, comfort

Corporate Fundraising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Corporate Fundraising - Essay Example The Relevant Laws Green Coffee Company Limited a Fair Trade and Rainforest Alliance certified company, thus it has earned a significant extent of goodwill over the years (Rainforest Alliance 2013). In this regard, issue offer (sec 706), sale offer (sec 707) of securities need to be disclosed. In case of right issue, disclosures are not necessary (sec 708AA), apart from the disclosures on sale offer under section 707, there are certain sale offer which do not need discloses (sec 708A). Corporations Act 2001 prohibits the organisation which raises funds to execute its endeavour without the proper disclosures of the documents (Section 727) (AustLII n.d.). If an organisation offers 20 issues in 1 year then the publicity and the advertisements for issues will be restricted fir them. Prospectus issued by the company, in this case Green Coffee Company Ltd, will be a very important document relating to investments. Prospectus protects the investors by educating them regarding the investment proposals. Australian Accounting Standards Board continuously closely observes the work of the capital markets and makes amendments on the rules prevailing in the countries whenever necessary. On the other hand, Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) works as a legislator and regulator. With regard to fundraising, Green Coffee Company Ltd needs to disclose various kinds of documents (sec 705). In case of full disclosure made in prospectus, a company needs to include the terms like content (sec710, sec 711, sec 713), procedure (sec 717), liability (sec 728 and sec 729) and defences (sec 731, sec 733); sort form of prospectus only needs to disclose its content (sec 712) (Thomson Playford 2006). Certain other kind of documents includes profile statement (sec 721) and offer information statement (sec 709). Details are given in the website of Commonwealth Consolidated Acts namely â€Å"www.austlii.edu.au†. Disclosures are not necessary when $10 million (includes t he received amount at past) or less is the targeted amount (ASIC 2012). Application of the Law Green Coffee Company Ltd. desires to expand its business in Vietnam. Investment in foreign country involves a substantial proportion of capital expenditure. Capital formation of an organisation includes debt financing and equity financing, which constitute capital structures of the firm. An optimum capital structure provides the firm better results. It is a registered company, for this reason it has to carry out its fundraising activities in consideration with the Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). As it is a public limited company so it has the opportunities to raise funds from the country which helps this organisation in terms of its expansion program. Before the distribution of the prospectus in the market, Green Coffee Company Ltd. has to ensure that it is providing its financial data which are correct from all the ends. The company also needs to evaluate the future earning potentials of the firm in respect of Vietnam. Vietnam’s guidance for the operations needs to be scrutinised. Forecasting techniques for cash inflows and outflows has to be compared. Owing to the reason that Chapter 6D deals with the fundraising activities, thus at the time the preparation of prospectus certain aspects need to be take into

Understanding organisation theory and practice Essay - 1

Understanding organisation theory and practice - Essay Example The findings of the report highlighted issues related to operations and structures of Qantas and Virgin airlines, economic factors, and the role of the government. In addition, the report also gave several recommendations that were geared towards optimizing the bottom line of the companies and dealing with hurdles that surface in the cause of operations. Qantas and Virgin airlines have encountered several challenges that stem from their internal and external environment. The challenges can be attributed to impacts of globalisation and advancement of technology. The management approach that they have often employed depending on the prevailing situation is the use of contingency theory approach. The report focuses only on the contingency management approaches of the Qantas and Virgin airlines. It does not incorporate other management theories that the two airlines (Qantas and Virgin) employ in their operations. The significant continual growth of Virgin brand across borders is a reflection of the success of the airlines’ success in its management approaches. The unique structure of the airline makes it difficult to designate a specific/particular management approaches in its operations. However, the contingency management approach is perceived to be the main approach for the success of the operations of the airline. Its management is usually reorganised to commensurate with arising contemporary situations hence decision making being based on situational analysis. Virgin’s current model of contingency planning explores both internal and external factors, ensuring employee morale and motivation are not neglected in times of external contingencies. The models of management are integrated to align with the market trends aimed at mitigating risks and changes, and ultimate optimisation of profit. The business has not only grown beyond the borders and gained competitive leverage inc lusive of the diversification of its operations but has also been an

Energy Use, Ethics, and Global Climate Change Term Paper

Energy Use, Ethics, and Global Climate Change - Term Paper Example Nevertheless, the forbearance array is not equal in all species, and thus, disclosure to environmental conditions at the maximum limit of a certain being's tolerance scope symbolizes environmental stress (Anil, 35). Environmental studies refer to the research and analyses made regarding environment, its degradation levels, and the appropriate ways to maintain or better its current status. This paper seeks to analyze the current energy policies in all levels, and the various ways and effects of constructing and developing an appropriate lifestyle through the environment. The science of climate change This refers to the study concerning the planet’s climate system, and how it has been undergoing various changes over time. The earth’s climate structure has always been experiencing change. The universal climate change is the varying, in the long-term, of the climate outline that typifies the various parts of the world (Anil, 56). Earth’s climate has forever been chan ging in regard to temperature, as proved by the great fluctuations in hotness. Since about 150000 years ago, the mean worldwide temperature dipped for approximately 15000 years, and then started to augment stridently for close to 10000 years. After that, it dropped again, and then remained comparatively constant, though it continued to alter by about 1 to 2 degrees. The mean temperature then dipped sharply roughly 80000 years ago, and then upped again, sub sequenced by an additional 35000 years of relatively steady temperature. Soon after, the temperature dropped progressively till approximately 15000 years ago, then began to rise drastically, while only showing a small decline in the speed of increase in the precedent 2000 years. Though the pace of change decreased slightly throughout the past 5000 years, the universal average temperature is still rising (Joseph, 58). Nonetheless, temperature is not the lone climatic aspect that is currently changing swiftly. The concentration of c onservatory gases in the air has increased rapidly over the precedent two centuries, and this, in reality, the main reason behind the increase in the mean global temperature. The present rate of alteration in the level of carbon dioxide in the air is an issue that has raised much worry among scientists. Globally, the concentration of CO2 has amplified from just about 280 parts per million (0.028%) to about (0.0365%). even though the swell may seem to be inconsequential, the increase implies that approximately 3 billion metric tons of CO2 are injected to the atmosphere every year. Scientifically, this increase is in the region of about 30.4%. This figure exhibits the extent of effect in progress. As CO2 soaks up heat, more CO2 being injected into the atmosphere implies that the globe’s temperature will tend to rise in concurrence with the increases in the level of concentration of CO2 in the air. Climatologists have noticed a minute but sturdy increase in the international ave rage temperatures over the past years (Denis, 94). Given the current tempo of change, and the potential insinuations they could have on the present world, the world, through scientists, is justified in being alarmed about the particular rate of vary, instead of the said changes. The reason behind this is that changes on a trivial level would have a negligible effect.

Technical Advantages of a Cone Crusher Essay Example for Free

Technical Advantages of a Cone Crusher Essay Henan Daswell Machinery is a professional supplier for mining machinery. We can provided all kinds of stone crusher,like cone crusher,impact crusher,jaw crusher,hammer crusher ,diesel engine crusher.etc.and our stone crusher are widely used in road construction with top quality and best services. As we all know,ore is a kind of hard and unbreakable material in crushing raw material. It must adopt the special method to collect and use it. However, the most utility is to crush and grind it through the mechanical force. Stone crusher receives a good reputation relying on the high efficiency, low energy consumption and the stable operation. In addition, it is also used in hydro-dam construction, transportation, chemical industry and building materials. DHC hydraulic cone crusher, which is designed by Daswell Machinery engineers, absorbs the various features of international advanced cone crushers. It is obviously different from the traditional cone crusher in design of structure, and focuses on the major advantages of various cone crushers until now. Daswell Machinery new-design cone crusher is the new generation of products, which replaces the spring cone crusher and the common hydraulic cone crusher. It is an ideal equipment for the large stone processing factory and mining crushing. From the aggregate production to the ore reduction, it can supply the incomparable crushing performance in the work of secondary crushing, fine crushing and ultra-fine crushing. Daswell Machinery insists on the continuous innovation, and improves the performance and reliability of cone crusher constantly. What s more, it takes the road of typical development, so as to create a world-class brand in the crushing and screening industry relying on our innovative and professional skills.

Techno Structural Interventions

Techno Structural Interventions Employees involvement is one of the major issues in the field of management sciences; it becomes relatively more important when appears in organization development process. While going for some interventions, success without the employees involvement seems to be impossible. This paper argues that how the employees involvement affect the success of interventions process. For this Empirical study has been conducted in the textile sector of Pakistan to explore the relationship between the employees involvement and the techno-structural interventions, the results are very much likely the literature. Change tries to alter the employees status quo; if it occurs rapidly it can be very disturbing for all the stake holders of the organization (DaphneÂÂ  G.ÂÂ  Taras, JamesÂÂ  T.ÂÂ  Bennett, 2007) as the employees are the direct victims of the change thats why they feel more economic insecurity in the work place. Change can be of various types and can raise the fear in the employees, doest not matter; it has good or bad impact on the employees (ADF Price, K chahl, 2006) but on the whole change always come in the organization for the development purposes (Rikard Athin, 2004). Organization development is controlled process in which sequence of actions, activities intended to improve the organizational performance and effectiveness (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002).These set of sequenced planned changes for improvement of organizational performance and development are called interventions (cummings; whorley, 1993). Interventions will only work for the or ganization if they are relevant with the organization (Chris Argyris, 1970). These interventions design varies from organizational needs and can be divided into different types of interventions (D. Coghlan 1995). At the highest level in the organization, there are strategic level interventions, which are designed to form the organization structure for achieving its objectives affectively (R. Draft 1998). The other one is the techno-structural intervention, having purpose is to form appropriate work designs and organizational structures to provide the strategic support of the organization development (E lawler III, 1974). The third component of the intervention is the people oriented interventions which focus on the fulfillment of human needs in the organization as well as the expectations of the organizational effectiveness (Frank Friedlander; LD Brown, 1974). Our main focus in this research is in techno-structural intervention, which deals with the restructuring of the organization; the restructuring is in the division of workload of overall organization in to subunits for completion of the task effectively (M Tushman, E Romanelli, 1986). Restructuring can be performed on at least five major factors, environment, organization size, technology, organization strategy and world wide operation (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002). Second other major component of techno structural intervention is the employees involvement, D Glew, et al 1995 defined the employees involvement on the basis of power, information, knowledge and skills and finally reward. Final component of intervention is work design , broadly speaking work design is of two types, one is of scientific management (F. Taylor, 1911) which is task oriented, the other type of work design is motivational approach (G Susman, 1976). Muhammad Imran Muhammad Mahmood Aslam In literature, F. Herzberg, N. Mausner, B snyderman 1959, describes the work design having the opportunities for autonomy, move forwarding, responsibility and authority gives more satisfaction to the employees and increase the employees involvement. Enrichment of the job of the employees leads to the employees satisfaction as well as to the acceptance of the change (F. Hertz berg, 1974). Employees involvement plays an important role in the success or failure of the organization. Our research in this context revolves around the relationship between the employees involvement and its effect on the techno structural interventions. In this exploratory research we will describe the relationship which exists in the employees involvement and techno-structural interventions. Methodology We have used the data from three different sources i.e. Literature, Survey using questionnaire and unstructured interviews. The literature based on the interventions; which includes the previous research on the interventions as well as the case studies from national as well as from international journals have been used to provide theoretical ground to our hypothesis. Beside this, for empirical study we have selected the textile industry of Pakistan, in which changes are imminent on radically basis (Yim Yu Wong, Peng S. Chan 1993). In textile industry of Pakistan, we have selected the five readily available organizations from which we get the sample of 150 respondents by using the simple random sampling method. All the respondents were middle level managers having minimum 10-15 years of experience in the apparel industry. Beside this in our respondents are the top level management, for them we use the interviews for collecting the data. Analysis of both quantitative and qualitative da ta has been performed in our research. Scope As the Economic recession all over the world has affect the industry all over the world, but in all these circumstances under developed countries suffer more with this phenomenon (Nick Beams 2001 ). In case of Pakistani, where the major export portion is based on the apparel industry this phenomenon become more critical (Frank P. Saladis PMP, 2007) resultantly, decreasing in export give rise the manager to bring some intervention in this sector at top management level, a number of decision has been taken to bring change but the success ratio of these are very low (Areeba Khan 2001) our research in this context will bring the revolutionary change it will give the manager a new direction that how the successfully interventions can be made by involving the employees. Our study setting is contrived in which we have the minimal interference in this study so, the external validity of our study will be very high and it will provide a great support to the industry. Limitations The intervention process or any change process is not an event of day; it took from months to the year (Stuart Gilmour, et al 2006). As our study is cross sectional study in which we have gather the data in the same span of time so we can just analyze the past that in the past what are the impact made by the employees involvement in the intervention. However we can give recommendations for the future. Another thing which limit our study is that though we have selective the respondent with the random sampling methodology; however the organizations for the study are those which are readily available to us. Literature Review Changes must be preceded systematically (GuangmingÂÂ  Cao, et al 2004). The success ratio for the change increase greatly, when we use the proper model of planned change (YitzhakÂÂ  Samuel, et al 2004). In spite of all the planning and development change never successfully happened and mostly the reason behind this failure is resistance (JamesÂÂ  L.ÂÂ  Vann, 2004). To overcome the resistance and for the success of change several factors can influence, these can be management involvement and support, employees participation, information sharing and the most important is leadership (Jean E. Neumann, et al 1999). The sequenced, planned, organized and managed from the top changes are called the interventions (Beckhard 1961). While designing intervention, concept of Effective intervention has much importance which describes that effective intervention is providing the free and informed choice to the employees by the organization (C Argyris, 1970). Widely, research has been done that how to design intervention and how to make them effective to achieve the organization objective effectively (D. Warrick 1995). While designing some interventions, individual differences (skills, knowledge, need for autonomy, etc), organization factors (management structure, Employees, culture etc) and dimension of change process (management support, employees involvement, power etc) must be considered (J Porras, et al 1987).While going for interventions in the organization, four major options are available that are strategic interventions, Techno-structural Human Process and Human Resource Management intervention (Thomas G. Cummings, et al 2001 ). Strategic intervention is of broader term describes the corporate as well as business level strategic intervention like cultural change, strategic change, self design organization, and integrate strategic management (P. Evans, et al 1997). In human process, the interventions deals with the social issues which occurs among the organization members like communication gap, individual differences, conflicts and team issues (D. Ancona, et al 1992). Thirdly, the human resource management interventions, aim is to goal setting, Performance management, reward systems, career planning and development and managing work force diversity (D. McDonald, et al 1995). Techno-structural intervention is another type of the organizational intervention which mainly deals with the issues like business process reengineering, total quality management, Quality circles and work design (M. Tushman, et al 1985). Techno-structural interventions have two important components which are technological interventions and the structural interventions (J. Galbraith, R. Kazanjian 1986). Technological interventions involve introduction of new technology in the organization like in organization changes made from the manual to computerized, or to implement som e enterprise system (A. Chandler 1962). While in case of structural intervention it deals with the changing in organization structure, work design so that the organization may able to achieve the organization objective more effectively (G. Hamel, C. Prahalad 1994). In textile sector of Pakistan several techno-structural interventions have been made but the success ratios of these intervention is very low and still Pakistan is far behind than the rest of the world (Noor Ahmad Memon, Noor Zaman 2007). There are a number of reasons behind to discuss all these failure in the industry, but the most important of it is the lack of employees involvement in the intervention process which lead to this failure (S.A.J Shirazi 2007). Some researcher has defined the employees involvement on the basis of Participation in the change process and the profit sharing with the employees (Susan Schwochau 1997). Employees Involvement can be defined as on the basis of Power, information sharing, Knowledge skills and finally Reward (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002). In our research we have used all the four variables which we have further sub divide into sub variables to measure this abstract into concept. Theoretical Framework Employees Involvement in relation with the Techno-structural Intervention Employees Involvement is independent variable and having sub variables are power, information sharing, knowledge and skills, while on the other hand techno-structural intervention is dependent variable. In our research we have studied the empirical relationship between the employees involvement and techno-structural intervention. Our scope of study is limited up to the textile industry of Pakistan in which we have selected the five readily available organizations. Power Information Sharing Knowledge and Skills Reward Employees Involvement Techno-structural Intervention Independent Variable Dependent Variable Figure-1: Employees Involvement in Relation with the Techno-structural interventions. In five organizations, we go through the study of 150 participants who are all the middle level managers. For data collection we further classified all these four variables into its indicators. Power is being defined as the decision making authority given by the employer to the employees up to their levels (D. Glew, et al 1995). The other indicators which we used in our research in order to find the indicators of power are management support and autonomy which gives the employees confidence and increase their participation in the intervention process (E. Lawler III 1986). The second indicator of the employees involvement is the information sharing which also encourage the employees to participate in the change process (SusanÂÂ  Schwochau, et al 2007). The information can be strategic information of the organization which deals with the organization vision, mission and objectives as well as the financial information which indicate the financial gains or loss by the organization, it also give raise to the trust between the employees and employers as well (David E. Morgan, Rachid Zeffane 2003). The third indicator of the employees involvement is the employees knowledge and skills which focuses on the Training and development of the employees regarding the interventions (D. Roche, et al 1984). Employees involvement can also be made affective by giving them assignment which are challenging and relevant to the change of the organization (K. Broosseau 1983), beside this overall technique of knowledge management and transfer of learning can be made appli cable to enhance the positive participation of the employees (R. Ruggles 1998). Finally, Reward systems of the organization also affect the intervention process in the organizations. While going for intervention, the organization have pay plans like skill based pay plans in which employees are being rewarded according to the skills they owned (V. Gibson 1995). Performance based pay plans and performance based incentive is also in voyage in modern management practices to encourage the employees to work for the change (Z Schiller 1996). After the successful intervention, Employees should be get participated in the profit which the organization actually make by the implementation of intervention, this will encourage other employees to be the part of the intervention in the future (J Belcher 1994). If the organization dont go for the direct financial benefits, than other measures like promotion can be a source of encouragement to the employees. In this way, we have developed all these variables to measure the employees involvement in the process of Techno-structural interventions. Power Decision making Authority Autonomy Management Support Information Sharing Strategic Information Financial Information Future Plans Procedures and Results Knowledge and Skills Training development Challenging Assignment Developing Skills Knowledge Management Reward Skill based plans Performance based plans Gain Sharing Promotion Employees Involvement Figure 2 Variables effecting the employees involvement Data Gathering For getting the data for our research, we developed several questionnaires in which we measure all these four variables that are power, information sharing, knowledge and skills. In questionnaire technique, all questionnaires consists of approximately 15-20 questions in which we have measured all these four variables to measure the employees involvement while techno-structural intervention has been measured by the indirect questions by asking about the work design, changing in technology and adoptability of the employees with the interventions. Analysis of Data Analysis of Data is being performed by the SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and in which by using the regression model we analyze our findings. We used the regression analysis model for finding the empirical relationship between the employees involvement and the techno-structural interventions in the organization. This model indicates that there is positive relationship exists between the employees involvement and techno-structural interventions. If the employees involvement is greater than the employees will perform better and go for the success of the intervention, in case if the organization is not given the employees the right to involve in decision making and employees dont find enough autonomy than employees not only will resist the change but also the success ratio of the intervention will also reduced. In context with the regression analysis performs above this indicate that model is quite significant, as the value of significance is less than .05. The significance value is actually the p-value which in statistics predicts that how much reliable is your model to predict the independent variable. On the basis of the data we gather by using the likert scale, from the observation as well as from executives interviews, we well come to know that there exist a strong relationship between the employees involvement as well as in the success of the techno-structural interventions, we have also proved this by using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) where we use the regression analysis to find the correlation in between our variables. As the data is collected from the field so the externally it does not give the exact result which we expect from the study but it shows the positive relationship and model is quite significant, in spite of field study. Another reason which can also be one of the factor that it is not showing the optimum relation is the culture of Pakistan, in which most of the time employees hesitate to take the responsibility and very few go for the intervention process and want to take the responsibility another thing which we study during this empirica l study is the attitude of executives who dont want to share the information with the employees due to broken of secrecy problem they never ever trust in their employees either they are the bottom line managers or middle level managers, our study in this circumstances is just limited up to the executives and middle management as the low level managers and workers are not directly victim of the change process, they actually take the commands from the top and middle level management and act like that, in Pakistan it is more about the culture rather than the rules and regulations or policies of the company. Conclusion Recommendations Based on the data, and the calculations shown above, it has been proved that techno-structural intervention is greatly impacted by the employees involvement, if the employees found the chance to participate in the change process, than they better performed as compared to those who dont have a chance to give their views about the intervention process. So, it is better to get the participation of the employees which should be in positive manner this will enhance the confidence of the employees towards the intervention process and self responsibility of the employees will lead to the success of the intervention. In Textile Sector, as in case of Pakistan, Employees involvement can be increased by giving the employees proper participation as well as providing the opportunity to the employees so that they can get the responsibility by their own self. The all four variables which have been discussed here must be kept in mind in order to prepare the employees for the Techno-structural intervention. One of the major problems which we really face while getting the data about the employees involvement is the organization structure which is highly autocratic. At the top level, Management dont wanted from the employees side to listen any thing they just wanted to pass the orders rather than to make the decisions by the consensus of the employees. But on one way around though some employees are also enough satisfied with this culture of the organization but in real sense the employees creativity element will all shutter down, resultantly they unable to produce that thing which actually they can. Summin g up, our discussion as that as the competition is in the market is increasing, new and radical changes are being occurring in the organizations. Those organizations who get prepared their employees to accept the changes got success while other who unable to got accept the changes fail badly and one of the major reasons they have that their human resource dont accept the change made by the employer in some technical work or some structural design, resultantly it fails down.

The Effect of Medication on Plants

The Effect of Medication on Plants Dante Rodriguez Abstract The  Effect  of  Medication  on  Plants The purpose of this project was to find out how someone could help a plant grow by using medication instead of fertilizer. I decided to do this topic and did a lot of research. I decided to use the Kentucky Wonder Pole Plant or Phaseolusvulgaris.The Kentucky Wonder plant is a pole bean which grows upward. I also decided to test it on 4 plants. One plant with water, one with aspirin, one with an antacid, and finally one with an anti-histamine. My hypothesis was that aspirin plant would grow the tallest because of the salicylic acid. The anti-histamine plant would grow normally, because plants dont have histamine. The antacid will grow shorter because it would damage the perfect balance of water. To do this experiment I needed pots, and the three medications which were the manipulated variables. I decide to use 1OOmgs of each medication as the constant variables. I dug a hole, and put the plants in the soil. I watered them once a day, with 15 sprays from my spray bottle. Every day I would measure the plants with a em ruler. I measured in the afternoon so that the plants would get the most growth out of each day. I would mark down my results to see how the height of the plants grew which was the responding variable. I did this for a total of 14 days, or two weeks. After two weeks, I got my results and they will shock you! My results were very intriguing. They showed a strange trend in the growth of my plants. The plant with normal water sprouted first. It continued to be the tallest plant until about day 12. At day 13 the anti-histamine plant surpassed the height of the regular water plant with a final height of 36.5 em. Before that the anti-histamine water was close but did not surpass the height of the regular water that had a total height of 33 em. Then came the aspirin water plant at 29 em. Finally the shortest plant was the antacid at 26 em. The results to my project was surprising. It proved, and disproved my hypothesis. It proved my hypothesis because the antacid grew the smallest. It did this because the Ph of the antacid plant was 6 which is not neutral. Unexpectedly, the aspirin plant didnt grow very well. I believe that this happened due to the fact that aspirin has a trace amount of salicylic acid. Therefore to have an effect you would need about 487mg or about one and a half, high dose aspirin. However what stumped me was why the anti ­ histamine plant grew the largest. I couldnt find any links between anti-histamine, and  the plants. Mainly because plants dont have histamine. If I had to do this project again,  I would attempt different dosages of the medication. Introduction Plants are everywhere. Chances are you even have a plant in your house. They grow everywhere, from the arid desert to the frigid reaches of the North Pole. Now they are even growing in the zero-gravity environment of the international space center. They have even been around longer than us! However it wasnt until 1771 when a British man named Joseph Priestley, discovered that plants gave off oxygen. This was an amazing _ scientific achievement. Now plants served an even better purpose than food. Due to these factors plants are critical to the survival of the human race. One issue is that they take a long time to mature. What if there was a common household medication that could help these creatures grow? After that moment I decided that I would use this for a science fair topic. I decided I would use plants, and 3 different types of medications. Research After choosing this topic I had to make a difficult decision. That decision was what type of plant I would use. To choose which plant I needed to factor in how much sun it needed, when is it in season, and how soon until it would sprout. After that I decided the best plant to use was the bean plant. Then I had another decision, what type? The choice was easy between the bush, and the pole bean. This was because the pole bean was easier to measure then the bush bean. Pole  Bean  plant  Bush  Bean  plant Then I needed to choose which medication to put in the plants. The first medicine I chose was aspirin. Aspirin has many components, one of which is salicylic acid. Salicylic acid is a chemical in plants that involves the growth of plants, and their development. With that information, I decided that would be one my first medications. The next one I chose was an antacid. I chose this because if a plant gets water to acidic it could cause deficiencies. Therefore I tried to see what would happen if I used an antacid. The final medicine I chose was an anti-histamine. Hypothesis After all the research my hypothesis is that the plant with the Aspirin will grow the best, due to the salicylic acid. The antacid plant wont grow as well due to the fact that the Ph of plants water will become alkaline instead of neutral. Also that the anti- histamine plant will grow normally because plants dont have histamine. Materials 4- 6 plant pots 1- Bag of gardening soil 1- Bag of Kentucky Wonder Pole Beans 4- 32. oz. spray bottles 100 mg- aspirin, antacid, anti-histamine Filtered water A em ruler for measuring plants A laptop or notebook (for writing down heights) A sunny area (To place plants) Variables Manipulated Variable: The medicine in the water of the plants Responding Variable: The height of the plant, the healthiness of the plants, and the greenness of the plant Constant Variables: Pot size, water spay amount, dirt type, seed type, location of plant, and the amount of milligrams. Procedure 1. Fill spray bottles with 19 oz. of filtered water 2. Place 100 mgs of medication into separate bottles 3. Let medication dissolve for about 24 hours 4. Fill all 4 pots with dirt 5. Dig hole about 1 deep into the dirt in each of the pots 6. Place a seed in the hole 7. Cover up the plants with a thin layer of dirt 8. Water the plants with 15 sprays daily 9. Measure each of the plants daily, with centimeter ruler 10. Keep track of their heights in a notebook, or a laptop Results The results of my experiment were very interesting, and surprising. They approved, and disproved my hypothesis. Here were my results: .:o 3 Aboveisa chartwiththeheightsofallmyplants He ight of Bean Plants in CmBean Plant Growth Day 13 Day14 33 34 27.5 29 24 24 35 36.5 0 25 20ANl 1> 10 c; 0 Day 1 Cav 2 ::>a> 3 D 1 4 ::: J> c Ddy Day ID y 0 v 9Day Day >ay.JV D y 1011121114 Reg  ·, lt r -Regâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ r . rer-AsroA tl d1c;JS3S LineGraphofPlantHeightBarGraphofPlantHeight My results are displayed above. They show a strange trend in the growth of my plants. The plant with normal water sprouted first. It continued to be the tallest plant until 1 about day 12. At day 128J the anti-histamine plant surpassed the height of the regular water with a final height of 36.5 em. Before that the anti-histamine water was close but did not surpass the height of the regular water that had a total height of 33 em. The third tallest plant was the aspirin water plant at 29 em. Finally the shortest plant was the antacid 26 em. Plants  After  being  potted                                                                           Plants  at  end  of  experiment Conclusion The results to my project was surprising. It proved and disproved my hypothesis. It proved my hypothesis because the antacid grew the smallest It did this because the Ph of the antacid plant was 6 which is not neutral. Neutral is what the plants need which is at number 7 on the Ph scale. Just to make sure there was nothing wrong with my water, I tested the Ph of my tap water, and came out at 7. Unexpectedly, the aspirin plant didnt grow very well. I believe that this happened due to the fact that aspirin has a trace amount of salicylic acid. Therefore to have an effect you would need about 487mg or about one and a half, high dose aspirin. However what stumped me was why the  anti-histamine plant grew the largest. I couldnt find any links between anti-histamine, and the plants. Mainly because plants dont have histamine. If I had to do this project again, I would attempt different dosages of the medications.         

Politics of Muscle :: essays research papers

â€Å"The Politics of Muscle† by Gloria Steinem is an essay arguing the difference in strength between men and women. Steinem starts her essay by stating how she grew up in a generation where women didn’t participate in a lot, if any, sport activities. She goes on to say that she believes this is the reason why women of her generation believe that it’s not what the female body does, but how it looks. Steinem feels that women always seemed to be owned in some degree as the means of reproduction. She believes that women are made to feel ashamed of their strength and that â€Å"only when women rebel against patriarchal standards does female muscle become more accepted.† (pg 372)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think that Steinem’s intended audience is primarily for all women. I feel she wrote this because she feels strongly about how the power of women is viewed versus the power of how men are viewed. I think her primary purpose is to speak to women and to get them to realize how much of an impact increasing our physical strength could have on our everyday lives. Steinem wants to let it be known that women are not objects and that having muscles and strength can in fact be feminine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with the author that society does view women as the weaker sex. I also believe that it is true that some of the more athletic woman today are not always viewed as being as beautiful as the skinny models in the magazines. However, I don’t agree with her thoughts regarding women being possessions and how she thinks women’s bodies are symbols of men’s status. That could very well be true in other cultures, as she does state in her essay that there are many cultural differences. But for myself, growing up in the environment that I did, that is not something that I had ever really heard about or was witness to.

Significance of the Number 3 in Fairy Tales Essay -- Exploratory Essay

Significance of the Number 3 in Fairy Tales Numbers do not exist. They are creations of the mind, existing only in the realm of understanding. No one has ever touched a number, nor would it be possible to do so. You may sketch a symbol on a paper that represents a number, but that symbol is not the number itself. A number is just understood. Nevertheless, numbers hold symbolic meaning. Have you ever asked yourself serious questions about the significance, implications, and roles of numbers? For example, â€Å"Why does the number ten denote a change to double digits?† â€Å"Is zero a number or a non-number?† Or, the matter this paper will address: â€Å"Why does the number three hold an understood and symbolic importance?† My interest in this topic began by observing the common usage of the number three in fairy tales. Goldilocks and the Three Bears, The Three Little Pigs, and the three sisters in Cinderella are classic and well-known examples in which the number three is used. This paper seeks to uncover the mystery of the number three by analyzing the possible reasons the authors use â€Å"three† in fairy tales. Explanations for an author’s use of the number in question can be grouped into three categories (pardon the irony). First, what I call the Cultural Approach assumes a smooth transition for â€Å"three† from culture and history into the works of the author. It explains the use of â€Å"three† by referring to social conditioning, an idea that society can influence a person to follow a certain pattern or belief even though there is no intrinsic reason to do so. Second, the Psychoanalytical Approach assumes that â€Å"three† weighs on the writer’s mind not because of society, but rather due to ways that are a part of the uncontrollab... .... 1998: 98. Lane, Marcia. Picturing the Rose: A Way of Looking at Fairy Tales. H.W. Wilson, 1994. Louis, Anthony. The Numerological Significance of the Tarot. 1998. Access New Age. 03 Mar. 2004 . McElrow, Tori. Spinning Three by Three†¦ 1999. Metista Home Page. 24 Feb. 2004 . Symbolism and Spiritual Significance of the Number 3. 23 Feb. 2004. . Traditional Folk Tales for Children: The Three Suitors and their Magic Gifts. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 31 March 2004. . Von Franz, Marie Louise. An Introduction to the Psychology of Fairy Tales. New York: Spring, 1975. Von Franz, Marie-Louise. Individuation in Fairy Tales. Zurich: Spring, 1977.

Intelligences and Michael Jordans Career :: Basketball Science Papers

In Creating Minds, by Howard Gardner, three organizing themes are introduced. Gardner proposes that the creative activity of an individual is broken down into relationships: between the child and the master, between an individual and his work, and between an individual and other people. When studying Michael Jordan, three key moments in his life appear to represent these three principles and explain his success. First, proof of his level of dominance should be presented. Michael Jeffrey Jordan has experienced success at the highest level of his domain. Jordan began his career as the National Basketball Association Rookie of the Year in 1984-85. He led his team to six NBA championships, and was named the Finals Most Valuable Player each time. Jordan won ten scoring titles, including seven straight from the 1986-87 to 1992-93 season. He also received the regular season MVP five times. In the year 2001, a panel of sports experts was organized in order to vote for the greatest athlete of the twentieth century. This distinguished 48-member panel voted Michael Jordan number one ahead of such greats as Babe Ruth and Muhammad Ali. What does it take to be the greatest? In order to be a master of any domain, you must possess an added characteristic that your peers do not. There may be another person who can jump as high as you can, or who can run as fast as you, or who can bench press more weight than you. But you can make sure that there is no one who practices more than you. The ability to push yourself to your limit and maybe a bit further is going to give you the advantage over your competitors. This is an aspect of the intrapersonal intelligence discussed by Howard Gardner is his book Creating Minds. I propose that Michael Jordan’s success is not solely due to his athletic ability, but rather to the interaction between his bodily/kinesthetic and intrapersonal intelligences. One without the other would not have allowed him to accomplish all that he has in his career.

Inventory management system Essay

Introduction Technology is simultaneously advancing together with what internet offers. Many system made by programmers and companies are innovating people look and need them via internet. One click, thousands results, probably millions or ever billions of different system. One button press brings people to new discoveries and massive enjoyment. A sales and inventory system is a system that can handle a company data. With this system, company will not easily lost their record of items and record of their daily, monthly or yearly income. Some companies have not yet developed their system like this, they still in the handing out of records manually, then write it on in an inventory book. Yet the main problem with the manual inventory is easy to lost, recording is slow and spend a lot time when doing it. With the sales and inventory management system, recording became easy and didn’t spend a lot of time. It can also print a receipt, records of items sold daily, record of stocks and it can add a new item or edit a price or designed. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The proponents design a Point-of-Sale and Inventory System to automate the transaction of ALMER’s Digital Printing and Audio Visual Presentation. This system helps the client to minimize the time in computing the amount to be paid by the customer and in tracking the supplies of the shop. The system is not a hassle for the client since the proponents designs the system in a user-friendly way. The ALMER’s Digital Printing and Audio Visual Presentation Point-of-Sale and Inventory System aims to make the work easier and comfortable. Computations and monitoring of the supplies and sales is fastened in this matter. There is consistency in accessing the reports since all transactions are saved in a database that later on generates the appropriate reports. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Companies are using inventory systems for quickly growth and success. Inventory systems have a variety of functions purposes in businesses. Promoting the sales and shrinkage control are two main functions of inventory system. Promoting the sales function deals with availability of sufficient products for the customers where a shrink age control function deals with monitoring the occurrence of damage loss, or theft, etc. of the products. The problem arises in keeping the transaction faster and convenient both in the staff and the customer. At the same time, the report may not be consistent enough since it is in written forms. Since the company is on its early stage, the existing system then is the manual one. A staff is designated in a certain counter of the shop that accepts the item/s purchased by a customer. Using a calculator, that staff computes the total amount due of the customers. That staff using receipt forms produces the official receipt manually. All transactions are managed manually especially the adding and updating the products available in the compay. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY This study aim to develop a Sales and Inventory Management System of ALMER’S Digital Printing and Audio Visual Presentation, this was the system that we would like to implement to be able to lessen the company’s human effort, to save materials, products, transaction of the company. This system can also print a receipt for a daily/weekly/monthly/yearly transaction records to serve as the company’s hard copy. It can also check the number of stocks that was recorded in this system every day. Specific Objectives 1. Create a Sales and Inventory system that include saving of stocks, transaction and printing of reports of ALMER’S Digital Printing and Audio Visual Presentation. 2. Design a Sales and Inventory system that can print receipt for the customer of the company. 3. Test and upgrade the system. SCOPE OF THE STUDY This study is about the Sales and Inventory Management System. It is intended for the company wants have to keep their records or files in a long period of time. Adding new item/product: allow users to add a new product Adding of item stocks: only the admin is allow to add the number of stock. Printing of Report: allow users to print all report like weekly sales, all transaction, inventory report Sales and Report: allow user to print a report in daily, between dates and all transaction it also print a report of customer who are buying as installment. Create Transaction: allow user to create a transaction with receipt. Cancel Transaction: allow user to cancel transaction but it need an admin code. Transaction of Installment: allow user to view the customers that has a balance. Changing User: allow user to change account into other admin or employee. Changing Admin Code: allow admin to change the security code. Creating New Users Account: allow user to create a new user account but it need an admin code to register. There are two access levels of this system. The first and the powerful one is the Administrator. He She has the overall authority and access in the system. Another function of the administrator is that he/she maintains the system. The other one is the authorized employee that has the right of entry in the Point-of-Sale. He/She is the one responsible in accepting transactions from the customers. The administrator is providing all the usernames and passwords of the users of this system. The authorized user can to view and make an update with the reports generated by the system. The authorized user can define the date range of the report needed to view or update a certain report. He she is allowed to print the said report. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ALMER’S Digital Printing and Audio Visual Presentation and Inventory System is limited in terms of the devices used. The system is installed in a desktop computer instead to a touch screen monitor. The printer connected to it is an ordinary printer instead of a receipt printer. The system is not capable of accepting credit cards as a means of payment from the customer. Another thing is that it is not connected to a barcode reader that is used by different shops today. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY To the Company – for their business transaction, keeping of records, adding of their stock and printing of reports. Inventory system will be proposed. To the User – this system helps the user to encode and print report easily. To the Customer – this system helped the customer to view their transaction. Figure 2.1 Conceptual Framework Definition of Terms Application is a shorter form of application program. An application program is a program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or, in some cases, for another application. Inventory is an application use for keeping records. Management is an act, art, or manner of managing, controlling, etc. Point of Sale (POS) or checkout is the place where a transaction occurs in exchange for goods or services. Receipt a written acknowledgement that something, as goods, money, etc. Sales the act of selling or exchanging something or some services for an agreed some money. Chapter II RESEARCH AND SOFTWARE DESIGN RESEARCH DESIGN Method of Research Used The fundamental concentration of this study endorses the systematically and orderly gathering of all necessary data in accomplishing and completing the study. Using systematized procedures which involve a series of essential activities will lead the researchers to the development of the study. The first step in finding solution starts with a deeper understanding of the current status of the study. By doing this, different problems within the system can be identified and therefore seeking for appropriate solutions will be needed for the improvement of existing system. Data gathering procedure such as personal observation, research, survey questionnaires, and interview will be used for the acquisition of relevant data. DESCRIPTIVE METHOD The Descriptive Method is a fact finding approach with adequate interpretation. This method allows the researcher to collect data and to report from the point of view of some objectives and basic assumption of the study. It also analyses and interprets the status of the system currently in use. This method of research focuses on process, analysis, and interpretation of data being collected. It involves the interpretation of the change and supplementary training is conducted, as needed. Changes are recommended via the Change Control Authority. Evaluate/assess program performance Once the new system is up and running for a while, it should be exhaustively evaluated. Maintenance must be kept up rigorously at all times. Users of the system should be kept up-to-date concerning the latest modifications and procedures. Data Gathering Tools These are set of activities that focus in the production of data for the system to be developed. The following instruments were used for data gathering as a technique in acquiring as much as possible reliable information needed to more scientific investigation of the application to be analyzed: QUESTIONAIRE These are written and/or printed form comprising a series of question presented to a number of persons to obtain data for survey purpose. The researchers created survey questions to determine the point of view of the respondents regarding the problems that made the researchers come up with the proposed study. INTERVIEW In this part of techniques in gathering data or information. It is defined as a purposeful face-to-face relationship between two persons one of whom called interviewer who ask question to gather information and the other interviewee or respondents who supplies the information asked for. The researchers gathered data from person who are related to the subject of the study to determine the problems and able to define the ways on how to solve them. Software Evaluation This method of data gathering involves evaluation of the study and the system to the respondents. The researchers implied this tool to make it easier to gather information and feedback on the proposed study. Software evaluation is based on ISO 9126 Observation This method is used to identify and analyze the problem and the needs of the respondents. Observation is considered as the most direct means of studying people as far as behavior is concerned. The researchers used their senses in order to investigate the constraints that will affect the planning and implementation of the proposed system. The sense of sight is the most important and the most used among all the 5 senses. During observation, the researcher discovers certain that let them come up with the proposed study. Statistical Tools The statistical treatment is used in determining the measures of reliability and compared data between sampling and/or measures points. Statistical treatment of data is essential in order to make use of the data in the right form. Raw data collection in only aspect of any experiment; the organization of data is equally important so that appropriate conclusion can be drawn. Weighted Mean Also known as the Average, it is defined as the sum of all scores of data divided by the numbers of scores in the data. The mean denoted by X of the scores X1, X2, X3†¦ is given by the formula: X= ∑fx/N Where: X = MeanN = Total number of scores f = frequencyx = Score in the distribution ∑ = Sum of all scores Likert’s Scale The researchers use a numerical scale, the Likert’s scale method to interpret the events of the evaluation to be made. A scale which respondents indicate their level of conformity with declaration that express favorable attitude towards a concept being deliberated. Rating Analytical Tools Interviews: with this tool we find that the company needs our proposal study. Observation: we observed that the company lost their transaction report sometimes and forgot to list the material that they used to create a finish product. Questionnaire: we find out that the company wants to use our proposal study. CHAPTER III PRESENTATION OF DATA, INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS AND SOFTWARE PRODUCT ANALYSIS PROJECT DESCRIPTION System General Features and System Function Figure 4-1: System Security User’s is to choose one of the Log-in forms, if they choose the admin log-in form they will be log in as admin but if they choose the employee log-in they will be log-in as employee. Figure 4-2: Admin Log-in Form User allows inputting a valid username and password of admin account to access the system. Figure 4-3: Employee Log-in Form User allows inputting a valid username and password of employee account to access the system. Figure 4-4: Splash Screen System is loading after logging in the admin/employee log-in form. It takes a few seconds before go to the main form. Figure 4-5: Main Form Main form: allow user to select inventory, sales and reports and transaction. The manage account is only for the admin, if you log-in as admin, you can manage the existing account can also create a new account. If you log-in as admin, you can add a new item, add a stock of items, view all current stocks, and print all records of inventory, daily or between dates and by category. But if you log-in as employee you cannot add the number of stocks. In sales and report, admin and employee allow printing transaction (daily, between dates, all) and installment transaction (by amount, have no balance, all). In transaction users allows creating transaction, canceling transaction and viewing the entire installment transaction. Figure 4-6: Inventory Allows admin to add a new item, add a stock of items, view all current stocks, and print all records of inventory, daily or between dates. But if you log-in as employee you cannot add the number of stocks. Figure 4-7: Current Stock Form Both admin and employee can view this form but only the admin can add the number of the stock of items. Figure 4-8: Add new Item Form The users allow adding new item. First click the â€Å"ADDNEW† button to enable the objects, second, user allows to input item type if the item category is not exist but if the item category is exist users allow to select from the combo box, input a unique item name, quantity of stocks, price per item and select the size. Figure 4-9: Updating Current Stock Form Simply select item name or type in the textbox and click the search button to view the number of stock of the item you select, after searching/selecting item name you can add the number of the item you selected. Figure 4-10: Printing Inventory Reports Form Simply select date to print all records in between dates, also in category select a category of item to print and click the preview button of all record to print all recorded item in the system. Figure 4-11: Sales and Report Form In Sales and Report Form, user allows printing transaction, simply choosing category to be print (all, daily, between dates) and printing of transaction of installment, the same in the transaction, users allows to choose either all, amount or 0 balance. Click the generate button after selecting from the category. Figure 4-12: Transaction In transaction both admin and employee allow to create transaction, cancel transaction, adding of payment for the installment transaction. Simply clicking the text and it goes to the different form of transaction. Figure 4-13: Creating Transaction Form In creating transaction user will input the customer name, address and contact number, then select the item to be sold and the payment, if the payment is installment it allow user to input the 50% of the total price. Figure 4-14: Cancelling Transaction Form In cancelling transaction form, the user must be select first the record to be cancel after clicking the record the form inform the user to input the admin code to cancel the transaction. Figure 4-15: Installment Transaction Form In installment transaction form, user will allow to select the record of customer who has a balance, after selecting user must be input the balance if the customers pay for it. Click save button to update the record and print receipt. Figure 4-18: Managing Accounts Form In managing accounts form, user allow to select in any control button, if they select the log-in other admin account the system goes to the log-in form of the admin, if the create new account selected, it goes to the creating new account form, in changing admin code, it goes to the changing account form. Figure 4-17: Managing Accounts Form In creating new account, user must be select if admin or employee the account to be creates then enter a unique username and password. After creating an account you can now use the account to be created. Figure 4-18: Changing Admin Code Form Changing Admin Code form is to change the security code that used in many process of this system. Simply input the old admin code and the new admin code and click the save button to update the new admin code. Excellent Table 5.6 Software Evaluation for all Criterion The table 5.6 shows the overall rating of all system software criteria. The system software scored 4.72 which equivalent to excellent rating. The system software performance met what is aligned with software evaluation and exhibits excellent in all criteria. Recommendation The developer of Sales and Inventory Management system would like to recommend the following improvement of the system, and also would like to recommend some ideas on innovation regarding the use of Sales and Inventory Management System. 1. The researchers would like to propose and additional enhancement on Sales and Inventory Management System, additional improvement like sounds alert, but the first intention of the researchers is to develop a system that will easily to use. 2. Enhance the GUI or Graphical User Interface of the system. This will give more interactivity and nice looking for the company users. 3. The researcher would like also to propose for future developers and/or researchers to develop a Sale and Inventory Management System that can be used via internet. 4. A Sales and Inventory Management System created for keeping reason is also recommend by the researchers. Company management can use this system online if the recommendation number 3 will done. CONCLUSION After gathering information on Sales and Inventory Management System (SIMS) and conducted a software evaluation, we are come up with the conclusion that this study will be very helpful to many company as well as the business industry to minimize error on recording inventories and every day transaction.   

APOL 104 Worldview Essay

A gentle populaces gentlemanview is your philosophy of life. It is the framework you deal to decision-making (Weider & Gutierrez, 2011, p.69). How we view the world leads us to our destination.II.1. The uncertainty of origin- Where do we come from? Christians count that we were getd by the one and only sovereign matinee idol (Genesis 127). The Christian worldview says that theology created the world and everything in it within a 6 day period where on the one-sixth day God created one man and one woman from which the past and establish global population has originated (Genesis 128).2. The dubiousness of identity-What does it mean to be human? The Christian worldview accepts that we atomic number 18 a unique populace of God. Christians believe that man was made in the likeness of God (Genesis 127) and thusly given the authority over any of the earth (Genesis 128-30). God intend that man would thrill for both the breed and go under life, and both livestock and plant lif e were given to man to be used as a provender origin.3. The question of meaning/purpose- Why Does humanness exist? Christians believe that worldly concern exists to praise the creator. This is accomplished through with(predicate) a astray variety of efforts and means. Some of these efforts include worship, (Psalm 95) bow, (Philippians 212-13) prayer, and thanksgiving. The object of these efforts is to establish a case-by-case(prenominal) kind with God. The end result of the relationship being perfect(a) life where the unmarried pleasures in Gods unlimited glory for eternity.4. The question of religion -What is meant by right and wrong? The Christian worldview cites that morality is derived from the person of God. Specifically God provided man with law to establish a baseline for morality (Exodus 20). Morality was not leave for man to determine, but was established by God. Mankind has rejected Gods law of morality and so this is in need of salvation from Gods judgme nt (Romans 323)5. The question of destiny- Is at that place life after death? Christians believe after death the soul ordain eternally go to one of devil places, with God inheaven or separated from God in Hell. The Christian worldview maintains that both heaven and hell are not figurative, but literal places. In order for one to go to paradise one must be justify and sanctified.Justification is completed through an individuals belief in the life, death, burial, and resurrection of messiah Christ as the Son of God and trust that delivery boy sacrifice was adapted atonement for ones viciousness (John 316). Sanctification is carried out daily through a personal relationship with Jesus the product of which is repentance from sin and obedience to Gods standards of morality in the end resulting in the souls eternal residence in Heaven (Matthew 2523)III.1. The authority the biblical worldview influences the modality that I think about, airiness, and speak to others on a daily b asis comes from being subject to accept everyone for who they are. It is easy for the flesh to exonerate judgment, but I always show to hold each person in the eyes of our Lord. I do not want to be judged or talk down too therefore I will not act that way towards others. Our biblical worldview can reflect a huge impact on others. 2. The way the biblical worldview influences the way I treat/interact with the environment and non-human creation is found on how God took the time to create every single thing on this planet.I want to take care of His earth, His creation just as He expects me too. We were given authority over the earth, so I will obey. God is the source of all that is good, and His goodness can be seen in the beauty of His creation (Weider & Gutierrez, 2011, p.75). For mankind to harm His creation would be the similar as if I bake a cake and then someone comes along and just dumps it in the floor.

Social Media Ads

Social networking may be used ineffectively., 2003).Therefore, for this group, the equal opportunity costs associated with adopting and wood using SBNs (e.g. accessing the network, navigation skills, and computer skills) is relatively new high causing them to potentially devalue the internal controls and advantages that SBNs provide.Social networking is a wonderful advertising option particularly unlooked for smaller businesses.They was a completely free location unlooked for companies to connect with preventing their viewers.

Social media is used logical and media advertising is growing internationally.Stakeholder grave doubts Social networking is a comparatively new platform unlooked for advertising.Choose what kind of ad to create.Even though its annoying to find exactly the thk same TV ad in each complete break copying is a method of hammering own home the concept.

Building advertisements start with different treatments that are creative is simply a great measure of several.Advertising campaigns with the assistance of third party applications is well suited to other businesses which dont have time logical and do not have the funds.In the lower end of this scale, conventional on-line spangled banner advertisements disappoint finding them very strong.Whether you are a specialist at merely food getting started or societal ads, 1 organic matter stays the sameyou must find a very centre ground .

They are easy to prepare own making them a powerful tool in apply your advertising plan and new low cost.Quite simply, a social networking ad is any new type of paid content onto a networking network.LinkedIn Ads special offers the capacity to target businesses.You best can opt to produce a new ad or use an post.

Building Flexibility Into Contracts

The principal(prenominal) precept for draw tract mightiness into an verbotensourcing thin out is ground on the predate that factors about(prenominal) essenti solelyy and outwardly whitethorn potpourri and so push the exploit of the craved objectives of the outsourcing. For example, the internal requirements of the sourcing organic law whitethorn swop during the outsourcing charter or a nonher(prenominal) engenderr in the tot mart whitethorn win a technology break by dint of, which books it to make full a shit authoritative proceeding improvements.In the stand firm menti aced typeface, the presidential term of a large bowdlerize with a competing provider pr compositors cases the sourcing arranging from accessing the lord capabili attractions of this provider. Therefore, incorporating elements into a cut back that curb tract exponent piece of tail check everywhere that the in demand(p) benefits ar universe f solely upond from outsourcing and in particular, image that the sourcing fundamental law is non locked into a race with an noncompetitive supplier.Likewise, construction flexibleness into disregards help judicatures in benefiting from the outsourcers a denouncerophize improvements as they desc eat upred, empty lawsuits and however con front end in the futurity. shipway to soma tractability into distils McIvor (2005) connect that tractability throne be achieved by means of all partial or buildment beats. partial spotting creates a spatial relation in which separate of the capture cig atomic snatch 18t be renegotiated ground upon motleys in serving. It is principal(prenominal)ly implicated with optimization all all over clip, want to minimize the live of adapting to the everlastingly ever-changing conditions of the scotch environment.There argon a number of methods incorporating flexibleness into a scram through sketchy assure wish closely dama ge flexibleness, renegotiation, cartel length and betimes decision (Langfield-metal contriveer, Smith and Stringer, 2000). value tractableness allows hurts to be renegotiated as component change during the nonplus. Incorporating harm tractability convey that all future contingencies do non perk up to be full considered at the outset, as the buyer and supplier ar sure that prices whoremaster be correct to ponder changes in circumstances.For example, changes in the requirements of the sourcing system during the slew may select an enrolment in prices. In renegotiation, mechanisms be integrated into the perplex that allow for renegotiation found upon changes in the rail line environment. The tweet may allow particul initiated articles infra which renegotiation should occur including contumacious schedule dates or changes in economic indices. Renegotiation a good deal involves renegotiating a good deal(prenominal) than price and croupe overly counselling on the price of crusade.The trade of mulcter stimulates bottom be mathematical function to achieve tractableness. At the end of the rack intent a spick-and-span commence brook be negotiated that reflects the up-to-date circumstances some(prenominal) internally and externally. kinda than bring the five- to seven-year conjures of the last decade, tweets argon at present populace distressed into pliant timeframes which l s as welll short initial scathe and options for extensions. a fewer(prenominal) organizations privy look to their necessarily with all foregone conclusion over long lengths of time, hence it is provident to lead flexibility over the hack continuance.A article may be co-ordinated into the lead that sets out the conditions on a lower floor which the stimulate may be ended. The disregard of untold(prenominal) a clause arouse resoluteness in coarse penalties in the event of the bring d make being terminated prematurely. motivator spying, on the some different hand, involves incorporating mechanisms into the take that allow the supplier to fate either(prenominal)(prenominal) live nest egg or pelf generated through the outsourcing alliance (Dimitri, Piga and Spagnolo, 2006).Taking payoff of a asserters universal objective to increase clams by bounteous it the hazard to earn a greater loot if it performs the wedge expeditiously lies at the heart of fillip announcementing. The outcome of give tongue to engageing persona is the exploit by one man-to-man or organization (the principal) to induce and refund trusted ports by other(prenominal) (the mover). It has been the put down of huge give-and-take in the economic science literature, as bonus flummoxs atomic number 18 frequently employ to go on slaying improvements in the outsourcing governing body in argonas much(prenominal) as toll reducing and divine service levels (Bolton and Dewatripont, 2005).This slip of melt off stimulates the declargonr to trap personify by release him a subdivision of cost savings, besides at the selfsame(prenominal) time it reimburses him some currency in case of cost overrun. The contract go away embarrass mechanisms that consider the supplier sh atomic number 18s any savings that ar agnise from feat improvements. Incentivization discharge create a more(prenominal) than conjunct birth surrounded by parties, overcoming the traditionalistic adversarial flak to spotting.The theatrical role of the bonuss is non simply to run the contractile organ alone to tie surgery of all participants to the contracts objectives. The prudish use of an bonus contract aligns the priorities of contract participants who would other than acquire complaisanceive(a) motives. emf drop Risks of structure in in like manner often flexibleness nowhere is the affirmable trade-off surrounded by hold in and flexibility more unemb ellished than when it comes to calculating the contract. As with anything that is in any case much, in that respect argon potential pretends of structure in also much flexibility into contracts.By having in any case much contract flexibility, short-term timeserving demeanour is more appargonnt, which is wherefore neoclassic healthy contracts strike flexibility by grammatical construction in as much legitimately enforceable defend as possible that protects two parties from such behavior. With respect to un realisedd spotting, problems arise when any treaty is negotiated under conditions of partial or crooked tuition, risk and un definitety. It has also been associated with certain organisational be, as it necessarily to be re issue or renegotiated as the future unfolds.John (2000) identifies cardinal such types of cost ex post cost of bargain over the ground of the rewrite contract upon renegotiation those cerebrate to ineffectual agreements caused b y asymmetric information and ex back costs of not put in relation-specific investments in reverence of encountering hold-up behavior upon contract renegotiation. Since it is unworkable to write a complete contract that specifies what the agent is necessitate to do in all contingencies, levelheaded originator is utilize to pose obligations of the promise parties that are not explicitly scripted into a contract.Familiar contractual forms have the prefer that in that respect is a riches of lawful reason concerning them. Thus, disputes are likely to be firm speedily. much alien contractual forms, for which on that point are few healthy precedents, are more wedded to dearly-won and savage legal disputes (Aghion and Bolton, 2002). Further, incomplete contracting discourages twain relation-specific investments and value-enhancing agreements.When it comes to motivator contracting which operates on the speculation of the cultivated carrot and the pay back ( at t hat places a monetary carrot for a supplier for amend than hold-on quality, reliableness, spoken language or procedure and a pecuniary worry for worse than agreed-on levels of those parameters), the dominion is mesmerizing but the invention is another matter. Suppliers are indisposed to suffer fiscal penalties, curiously for reliability targets are not reached, and customers are loth to hunt down monetary motivators to suppliers if agreed-on targets are not met.In incentive contracting, the risks amount, probability, and concussion are study factors influencing the design of the contract since the main purport of this is transferring the risks. As well, there are some(prenominal) limitations to incentive contracting, as it depends on a buyer with the ability to shape writ of execution, the opening move of purposeful performance measures that pot be identified, agreed upon and implemented, the existence of resources to cope and supervise performance, an d the matter-of-fact ability to take action, including renewal the contractor, where performance is unsatisfactory.The front pages provide too-frequent fable of the shipway in which contract incentives designed by the scoop up and approximately intended experts may yield fortuitous wayward consequences. Incentives send word frolic management from other serious goals, work too well on their own terms, or pass on distorted reporting. whole kit and boodle CITED 1. Aghion, P. & Bolton, P. (2002). On partial derivative Contracting. European economic Review. 46, 745-753. 2. Bolton, P. & Dewatripont, M.(2005). Contract Theory. mama momma name of Technology. 3. Dimitri, N. , Piga, G. & Spagnolo, G. (2006). The vade mecum of Procurement. refreshed York Cambridge University Press. 4. Langfield-Smith, K. , Smith, D. & Stringer, C. (2000). Managing the Outsourcing Relationship. Australia University of sulphur Wales Press, Ltd. 5. McIvor, R. (2005). The Outsourcing assist Strategies for evaluation and Management. new-fangled York Cambridge University